Elaeagnaceae
This list of genera was made in September 2026 according to World Flora Online, Plants of the World Online, and Stevens 2001 onwards (APWeb). This list includes only genera present in our herbaria: M and MSB.
| All genera (accepted genera in bold) |
|---|
| Elaeagnus Tourn. ex L. |
| Hippophae L. |
| Shepherdia Nutt. |
References
- Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since].
Foto: Elaeagnus Tourn. ex L. © Luo Chen
Cannabaceae
This list of genera was made in September 2026 according to World Flora Online, Plants of the World Online, Stevens 2001 onwards (APWeb), and Fu et al. 2023. This list includes only genera present in our herbaria: M and MSB.
| All genera (accepted genera in bold) | Stored under | Synonyms included |
|---|---|---|
| Aphananthe Planch. | ||
| Cannabis L. | ||
| Celtis L. | ||
| Chaetachme Planch. | ||
| Gironniera Gaudich. | ||
| Humulus L. | ||
| Lozanella Greenm. | ||
| Parasponia Miq. | Trema Lour. | |
| Sparrea Hunz. & Dottori (Prev. under Celtis) | ||
| Trema Lour. | Parasponia Miq. |
References
- Fu, X. G., Liu, S. Y., Stull, G. W., Tian, Q., Li, Y. X., Folk, R. A., Guralnick, R. P., Kates, H. R., Jin, J. J., Li, Z. H., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., & Yi, T. S. (2023). Phylogenomic analysis of the hemp family (Cannabaceae) reveals deep cyto-nuclear discordance and provides new insights into generic relationships. Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 61(5), 806-826. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12920
- Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since].
Foto: Humulus L. © Luo Chen
Resedaceae
This list of genera was made in July 2026 according to World Flora Online, Plants of the World Online, Stevens 2001 onwards (APWeb), Blanco & Wetzel (2016), and Martín-Bravo et al. 2007. This list includes only genera present in our herbaria: M and MSB.
| All genera (accepted genera in bold) | Stored under | Synonyms included |
|---|---|---|
| Caylusea A.St.-Hil. | ||
| Forchhammeria Liebm. | ||
| Ochradenus Delile | Reseda Tourn. ex L. | |
| Ochradiscus S.Blanco & C.E.Wetzel | ||
| Oligomeris Cambess. | Reseda Tourn. ex L. | |
| Randonia Coss. | ||
| Reseda Tourn. ex L. | Ochradenus Delile , Oligomeris Cambess. | |
| Roydsia Roxb. | Stixis Lour. | |
| Sesamoides Ortega | ||
| Stixis Lour. | Roydsia Roxb. | |
| Tirania Pierre |
References
- Blanco, S., Wetzel, C. E. (2016). Replacement names for botanical taxa involving algal genera. Phytotaxa, 266(3), 195-205
- Martín-Bravo, S., Meimberg, H., Luceño, M., Märkl, W., Valcárcel, V., Bräuchler, C., Vargas, P., Heubl, G. (2007). Molecular systematics and biogeography of Resedaceae based on ITS and trnL-F sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 44(3), 1105-1120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.016
- Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since].
Foto: Reseda Tourn. ex L. © Luo Chen
Limnanthaceae
This list of genera was made in June 2026 according to World Flora Online, Plants of the World Online, and Stevens 2001 onwards (APWeb). This list includes only genera present in our herbaria: M and MSB.
| All genera (accepted genera in bold) |
|---|
| Floerkea Willd. |
| Limnanthes R.Br. |
References
- Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since].
Foto: Limnanthes R.Br. © Suvrat Kotagal
Cleomaceae
This list of genera was made in August 2026 according to Stevens 2001 onwards (APWeb), Edger et al. 2018, Saunders et al. 2024, and Soares Neto et al. 2020. This list includes only genera present in our herbaria: M and MSB.
| All genera (accepted genera in bold) | Stored under | Synonyms included |
|---|---|---|
| Andinocleome Iltis & Cochrane (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Arivela Raf. (prev. under Cleome L.) | Roeperia F. Muell. | |
| Chilocalyx Klotzsch | Sierulea Raf. | |
| Cleome L. | ||
| Cleomella DC. | Isomeris Nutt., Oxystylis Torr. & Frém., Wislizenia Engelm. | |
| Cleoserrata Iltis (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Coalisina Raf. (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Cochranella E.M.McGinty & Roalson (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Corynandra Schrad. ex Spreng. (prev. under Cleome L., Polanisia Raf.) | ||
| Cristatella Nutt. | Polanisia Raf. | |
| Dactylaena Schrad. ex Schult. & Schult.f. | ||
| Dipterygium Decne. | ||
| Gilgella Roalson & J.C.Hall (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Gynandropsis DC. | ||
| Isomeris Nutt. | Cleomella DC. | |
| Kersia Roalson & J. C. Hall (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Melidiscus Raf. (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Oxystylis Torr. & Frém. | Cleomella DC. | |
| Physostemon Mart. & Zucc. | ||
| Podandrogyne Ducke | ||
| Polanisia Raf. | Cristatella Nutt. | |
| Roeperia F.Muell. | Arivela Raf. | |
| Rorida J.F.Gmel. (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Sieruela Raf. (prev. under Cleome L.) | Chilocalyx Klotzsch | |
| Stylidocleome Roalson & J. C. Hall | ||
| Tarenaya Raf. (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Thulinella Roalson & J. C. Hall (prev. under Cleome L.) | ||
| Wislizenia Engelm. | Cleomella DC. |
References
- Edger, P. P., Hall, J. C., Harkess, A., Tang, M., Coombs, J., Mohammadin, S., Schranz, M.E., Xiong, Z., Leebens-Mack, J., Meyers, B. C., J. K. Sytsma, Koch, M. A., Al-Shehbaz, I. A., Pires, J. C. (2018). Brassicales phylogeny inferred from 72 plastid genes: A reanalysis of the phylogenetic localization of two paleopolyploid events and origin of novel chemical defenses. American Journal of Botany 105(3): 463–469. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1040
- Saunders, T. C., Larridon, I., Baker, W. J., Barrett, R. L., Forest, F., Françoso, E., Maurin, O., Rokni, S., Roalson, E. H. (2024). Tangled webs and spider-flowers: Phylogenomics, biogeography, and seed morphology inform the evolutionary history of Cleomaceae. American Journal of Botany, 111(9), e16399. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16399
- Soares Neto, R. L., Thomas, W. W., Barbosa, V., & Roalson, E. H. (2020). Diversification of New World Cleomaceae with emphasis on Tarenaya and the description of Iltisiella, a new genus. Taxon, 69(2), 321-336. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12231
- Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since].
Foto: Cleome L. © Suvrat Kotagal
3D Microcosm of Lichens: Researchers Visualize Fine Structure of Lichen Symbiosis
Lichens are symbiotic communities of fungi and algae. Researchers led by SNSB botanist PD Dr. Andreas Beck have now, for the first time, visualized in 3D the areas within the lichen thallus where the cells of the two symbiotic partners come into contact and exchange substances. The cell walls at the fungus-algae contact zone show distinct changes in their structure and chemical composition. The researchers have now published their findings in the journal Scientific Reports.
Lichens colonize trees or rocks all over the world. They are symbiotic communities between fungi and photosynthetically active green algae or cyanobacteria, in which both partners benefit from each other: The fungal partner relies on the algae for a supply of carbohydrates. In return, it protects the algae from UV radiation and other environmental influences. The contact zone where the fungal cells and algal cells touch is of crucial importance for the transfer of nutrients between the two symbiotic partners. Detailed investigations, particularly a three-dimensional understanding of this area between the cells, have been lacking until now.
A research team led by botanist PD Dr. Andreas Beck of the Bavarian State Collections of Natural History (SNSB), in collaboration with Prof. Dr. Christian Bayer of Aalen University of Applied Sciences, has now succeeded for the first time in visualizing this interaction zone between the two symbiotic partners of the wall lichen Xanthoria parietina in three dimensions. The high-resolution nano-CT images show in detail where and how the fungus and algae come into contact via their cell walls—areas inside the lichen that are only a few ten-thousandths of a millimeter in size. For comparison: an average human hair is about 200 times thicker than these structures. It becomes apparent that the algae are directly connected to the filamentous fungal cells via about one-quarter of their cell wall surface area. The contact area is further increased by a volume expansion of those fungal cells located in the immediate vicinity of the algal cells. Specialized material analyses, known as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, also show that the chemical composition of the cell walls at the fungus-alga contact zones has changed. Both the nitrogen and sulfur content are significantly elevated there, which the researchers suspect may reflect an influence on the transport processes between the symbionts.
“Our analyses show, for the first time, the precise modification of the symbiont cell wall in the contact area between the alga and the fungus. Genomic analyses have not provided us with these details so far. The 3D models of the interaction zone between the two lichen symbionts are of great interest for understanding their interaction. “Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the symbiotic metabolism of lichens and its potential applications,” explains first author Andreas Beck, discussing the study’s results.
Researchers from the Bavarian State Collections of Natural History, Aalen University of Applied Sciences and the Helmholtz Institute Freiberg participated in the study.
Publication:
Beck, A., Bayer, C., Debastiani, R., Schubert, T., Gröger, A., Ruthensteiner, B. (2026) Elemental composition, structure and amount of contact between Xanthoria parietina symbionts. Sci Rep 16, 27379 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-68076-7
Scientific Contact
PD Dr. Andreas Beck
SNSB – Botanische Staatssammlung München
Tel.: 089 17861 266, E-Mail: beck@snsb.de
Capparaceae
This list of genera was made in August 2026 according to Stevens 2001 onwards (APWeb), Cornejo (2018), Riser et al. 2013, Saunders et al. 2024, and Soares Neto et al. 2020. This list includes only genera present in our herbaria: M and MSB.
| All genera (accepted genera in bold) | Stored under | Synonyms included |
|---|---|---|
| Anisocapparis Cornejo & Iltis (prev. under Capparis L.) | ||
| Apophyllum F.Muell. | ||
| Atamisquea Miers ex Hook. & Arn. | ||
| Bachmannia Pax | ||
| Belencita H.Karst. | ||
| Boscia Lam. | ||
| Buchholzia Engl. | ||
| Cadaba Forssk. | ||
| Capparicordis Iltis & Cornejo (prev. under Capparis L.) | ||
| Capparis L. | ||
| Cladostemon A.Braun & Vatke | ||
| Courbonia Brongn. | Maerua Forssk. | |
| Crateva L. | Crataeva L., Euadenia Oliv. ex Benth. & Hook.f. | |
| Euadenia Oliv. ex Benth. & Hook.f. | Crateva L. | |
| Maerua Forssk. | Courbonia Brongn. | |
| Monilicarpa Cornejo & Iltis (prev. under Capparis L.) | ||
| Morisonia L. | ||
| Neocalyptrocalyx Hutch. (prev. under Capparis L., Colicodendron Mart.) | ||
| Ritchiea R.Br. ex G.Don | ||
| Sarcotoxicum Cornejo & Iltis (prev. under Capparis L.) | ||
| Steriphoma Spreng. | ||
| Thilachium Lour. |
References
- Cornejo, X. (2018). Notes on the Nomenclature of Neotropical Capparaceae: An Answer to Global flora. Harvard Papers in Botany 23(2), 179-185. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v23iss2.2018.n3
- Riser, J. P., Cardinal-McTeague, W. M., Hall, J. C., Hahn, W. J., Sytsma, K. J., & Roalson, E. H. (2013). Phylogenetic relationships among the North American cleomoids (Cleomaceae): A test of Iltis’s reduction series1. American Journal of Botany, 100(10), 2102-2111. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1300096
- Saunders, T. C., Larridon, I., Baker, W. J., Barrett, R. L., Forest, F., Françoso, E., Maurin, O., Rokni, S., Roalson, E. H. (2024). Tangled webs and spider-flowers: Phylogenomics, biogeography, and seed morphology inform the evolutionary history of Cleomaceae. American Journal of Botany, 111(9), e16399. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16399
- Soares Neto, R. L., Thomas, W. W., Barbosa, V., & Roalson, E. H. (2020). Diversification of New World Cleomaceae with emphasis on Tarenaya and the description of Iltisiella, a new genus. Taxon, 69(2), 321-336. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12231
- Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since].
Foto: Morisonia Plum. ex L. © Suvrat Kotagal
Brassicaceae
This list of genera was made in June 2026 according to Koch et al. 2012, 2018 and Kiefer et al. 2014, 2025, BrassiBase, World Flora Online, and Plants of the World Online. This list includes only genera present in our herbaria: M and MSB.
| All genera (accepted genera in bold) | Stored under | Synonyms included |
|---|---|---|
| Abdra Greene (prev. under Draba L.) | ||
| Acuston Raf. (prev. under Fibigia Medik.) | ||
| Aethionema W.T.Aiton | ||
| Alliaria Heist. ex Fabr. | ||
| Alshehbazia Salariato & Zuloaga (prev. under Eudema Bonpl.) | ||
| Altriarabis Y.Z.Zhao (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Alyssoides Mill. | ||
| Alyssopsis Boiss. | ||
| Alyssum L. | Ptilotrichum C.A.Mey. | |
| Ammosperma Hook.f. | ||
| Anastatica L. | ||
| Ancashia Al-Shehbaz, Salariato, A.Cano & Zuloaga (prev. under Brayopsis Gilg & Muschl.) | ||
| Anchonium DC. | Sterigmostemum M.Bieb. | |
| Andrzeiowskia Rchb. | ||
| Anelsonia J.F.Macbr. & Payson | ||
| Anzhengxia Al-Shehbaz & D.A.German | ||
| Aphragmus Andrz. ex DC. | ||
| Arabidella O.E.Schulz | ||
| Arabidopsis Heynh. | ||
| Arabis L. | ||
| Arcyosperma O.E.Schulz | ||
| Armoracia G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb. | ||
| Aschersoniodoxa Gilg & Muschl. | ||
| Asperuginoides Rauschert | Buchingera Boiss. & Hohen. | |
| Asta Klotzsch & O.E.Schulz | ||
| Atacama O.Toro, Mort & Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Mathewsia Hook. & Arn.) | ||
| Atelanthera Hook.f. & Thomson | ||
| Athysanus Greene | ||
| Aubrieta Adans. | ||
| Aurinia Desv. | ||
| Barbarea W.T.Aiton | ||
| Berteroa DC. | ||
| Biscutella L. | ||
| Bivonaea DC. | ||
| Blennodia R.Br. | ||
| Boechera Á.Löve & D.Löve (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Boleum Desv. | Vella L. | |
| Boreava Jaub. & Spach | Isatis L. | |
| Bornmuellera Hausskn. | Physocardamum Hedge | |
| Borodinia N.Busch (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Brachypus Ledeb. (prev. under Fibigia Medik., Farsetia Turra) | ||
| Brassica L. | ||
| Braya Sternb. & Hoppe | Cardaminopsis Hayek | |
| Brayopsis Gilg & Muschl. | ||
| Buchingera Boiss. & Hohen. | Asperuginoides Rauschert | |
| Bunias L. | ||
| Cakile Mill. | ||
| Calepina Adans. | ||
| Calymmatium O.E.Schulz | Nasturtiicarpa Gilli | |
| Camelina Crantz | ||
| Camelinopsis A.G.Mill. (prev. under Pseudocamelina (Boiss.) N.Busch) | ||
| Capsella Medik. | ||
| Cardamine L. | ||
| Cardaminopsis Hayek | Braya Sternb. & Hoppe | |
| Cardaria Desv. | Lepidium L. | |
| Carrichtera DC. | ||
| Catenulina Soják | ||
| Catolobus (C.A.Mey.) Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Caulanthus S.Watson | Streptanthus Nuttall | |
| Ceratocnemum Coss. & Balansa | Trachystoma O.E.Schulz | |
| Chalcanthus Boiss. | Eutrema R. Brown | |
| Chartoloma Bunge | ||
| Cheesemania O.E.Schulz | Pachycladon Hook.f. | |
| Chilocardamum O.E.Schulz | ||
| Chorispora R.Br. ex DC. | ||
| Christolea Cambess. | ||
| Chrysochamela Boiss. | ||
| Cithareloma Bunge | ||
| Clastopus Bunge ex Boiss. | Straussiella Hausskn. | |
| Clausia Trotzky | ||
| Clypeola L. | Pachypterygium Bunge | |
| Cochlearia L. | ||
| Coincya Rouy | Euzomodendron Coss., Hutera Porta | |
| Coluteocarpus Boiss. | Noccaea Moench | |
| Conringia Heist. ex Fabr. | ||
| Cordylocarpus Desf. | ||
| Coronopus Zinn | Heliophila Burm.f. | |
| Crambe L. | ||
| Crambella Maire | ||
| Cremolobus DC. | Urbanodoxa Muschl. | |
| Crucihimalaya Al-Shehbaz, O’Kane & R.A.Price (prev. under Arabis L., Arabidopsis Heynh.) | ||
| Cryptospora Kar. & Kir. | Trichochiton Kom. | |
| Cuphonotus O.E.Schulz | Lemphoria O.E.Schulz | |
| Cuprella Salmerón-Sánchez, Mota & Fuertes (prev. under Alyssum L.) | ||
| Cusickiella Rollins | ||
| Cymatocarpus O.E.Schulz | ||
| Degenia Hayek | ||
| Dendroarabis (C.A.Mey. & Bunge) D.A.German & Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Descurainia Webb & Berthel. | Hugueninia Rchb. | |
| Diceratella Boiss. | ||
| Dichasianthus Ovcz. & Junussov (prev. under Sisymbrium L.) | ||
| Dictyophragmus O.E.Schulz | ||
| Didesmus Desv. | ||
| Didymophysa Boiss. | ||
| Dielsiocharis O.E.Schulz | ||
| Dilophia Thomson | ||
| Dimorphocarpa Rollins (prev. under Dithyrea Harv.) | ||
| Diplotaxis DC. | ||
| Dipoma Franch. | ||
| Diptychocarpus Trautv. | ||
| Dithyrea Harv. | ||
| Dontostemon Andrz. ex C.A.Mey. | ||
| Douepea Cambess. (prev. under Moricandia DC.) | ||
| Draba L. | Drabopsis K.Koch | |
| Drabastrum O.E.Schulz | ||
| Drabella (DC.) Fourr. (prev. under Draba L.) | ||
| Drabopsis K.Koch | Draba L. | |
| Dvorakia D.A.German (prev. under Matthiola W.T.Aiton) | ||
| Enarthrocarpus Labill. | ||
| Englerocharis Muschl. | ||
| Eremobium Boiss. | ||
| Eremophyton Bég. | ||
| Erophila DC. | ||
| Eruca Mill. | ||
| Erucaria Gaertn. | Reboudia Coss. & Durieu ex Cosson | |
| Erucastrum C.Presl | ||
| Erysimum L. | Gynophorea Gilli, Syrenia Andrz. ex Besser | |
| Euclidium W.T.Aiton | ||
| Eudema Bonpl. | ||
| Eunomia DC. (prev. under Aethionema W.T.Aiton) | ||
| Eutrema R.Br. | Chalcanthus Boiss., Thellungiella O.E. Schulz | |
| Euzomodendron Coss. | Coincya Rouy | |
| Exhalimolobos Al-Shehbaz & C.D. Bailey (prev. under Sisymbrium L.) | ||
| Farsetia Turra | ||
| Fezia Pit. ex Batt. | ||
| Fibigia Medik. | ||
| Foleyola Maire | ||
| Fortuynia Shuttlew. ex Boiss. | ||
| Fourraea Greuter & Burdet (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Friedrichkarlmeyeria T.Ali & Thines (prev. under Thlaspi L.) | ||
| Galitzkya V.V.Botschantz. (prev. under Berteroa DC.) | ||
| Geococcus J.Drumm. ex Harv. | ||
| Glastaria Boiss. | Texiera Jaub. & Spach | |
| Goldbachia DC. | Spirorhynchus Kar. & Kir. | |
| Graellsia Boiss. | ||
| Guenthera Andrz. ex Besser (prev. under Brassica L., Eruca Mill.) | ||
| Guiraoa Coss. | ||
| Gynophorea Gilli | Erysimum L. | |
| Halimolobos Tausch | ||
| Harmsiodoxa O.E.Schulz | ||
| Hedinia Ostenf. | Smelowskia C.A.Mey. | |
| Heldreichia Boiss. | ||
| Helicodraba (O.E. Schulz) D.A. German et M. Koch (prev. under Draba L.) | ||
| Heliophila Burm.f. | Coronopus Zinn, Schlechteria Bolus, Thlaspeocarpa C.A.Sm. | |
| Hemilophia Franch. | ||
| Henophyton Coss. & Durieu | ||
| Hesperidanthus (B.L.Rob.) Rydb. (prev. under Thelypodium Endl.) | ||
| Hesperis L. | Tchihatchewia Boiss. | |
| Hirschfeldia Moench | ||
| Hormathophylla Cullen & T.R.Dudley (prev. under Alyssum L.) | ||
| Hornungia Rchb. | Pritzelago Kuntze, Hymenolobus Nutt. | |
| Horwoodia Turrill | ||
| Hugueninia Rchb. | Descurainia Webb & Berthel. | |
| Hurkaea Al-Shehbaz, M.Koch, R.Karl & D.A.German (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Hutera Porta | Coincya Rouy | |
| Hymenolobus Nutt. | Hornungia Rchb. | |
| Hymenophysa C.A.Mey. | Lepidium L. | |
| Ianhedgea Al-Shehbaz & O’Kane (prev. under Microsisymbrium O.E.Schulz) | ||
| Iberis L. | ||
| Idahoa A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr. | ||
| Ihsanalshehbazia T.Ali & Thines (prev. under Thlaspi L.) | ||
| Iljinskaea Al-Shehbaz, Özüdoğru & D.A.German (prev. under Conringia Heist. ex Fabr.) | ||
| Iodanthus (Torr. & A.Gray) Rchb. | ||
| Ionopsidium Rchb. | ||
| Irania Hadač & Chrtek (prev. under Fibigia Medik.) | ||
| Isatis L. | Boreava Jaub. & Spach, Sameraria Desv., Tauscheria Fisch. ex DC. | |
| Kardanoglyphos Schltdl. | Rorippa Scop. | |
| Kernera Medik. | ||
| Kotschyella F.K.Mey. (prev. under Thlaspi L.) | ||
| Kremeriella Maire | ||
| Lachnoloma Bunge | ||
| Ladakiella D.A.German & Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Alyssum L.) | ||
| Leavenworthia Torr. | ||
| Leiocarpaea (C.A.Mey.) D.A.German & Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Bunias L.) | ||
| Leiospora (C.A.Mey.) F.Dvořák (prev. under Parrya R.Br.) | ||
| Lemphoria O.E.Schulz (prev. under Phlegmatospermum O.E.Schulz, Arabidella (F.Muell.) O.E.Schulz) | Cuphonotus O.E.Schulz | |
| Lepidium L. | Cardaria Desv. , Hymenophysa C.A. Mey., Stroganowia Kar. & Kir. , Stubendorffia Schrenk, Winklera Regel | |
| Lepidostemon Hook.f. & Thomson | ||
| Lepidotrichum Velen. & Bornm. (prev. under Aurinia (L.) Desv.) | ||
| Leptaleum DC. | ||
| Lesquerella S.Watson | Physaria (Nutt.) A.Gray | |
| Litwinowia Woronow | ||
| Lobularia Desv. | ||
| Lonchophora Durieu | Matthiola W.T. Aiton | |
| Lunaria Tourn. ex L. | ||
| Lutzia Gand. (prev. under Alyssoides Mill.) | ||
| Lycocarpus O.E.Schulz | Sisymbrium L. | |
| Macropodium R.Br. | ||
| Malcolmia W.T.Aiton | ||
| Mancoa Wedd. | ||
| Marcus-kochia Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Malcolmia W.T.Aiton) | ||
| Maresia Pomel | ||
| Mathewsia Hook. & Arn. | ||
| Matthiola W.T.Aiton | Lonchophora Durieu | |
| Megacarpaea DC. | ||
| Meniocus Desv. (prev. under Alyssum L.) | ||
| Menkea Lehm. | ||
| Menonvillea DC. | ||
| Microlepidium F.Muell. | Hymenolobus Nutt. | |
| Microsisymbrium O.E.Schulz | Sisymbrium L. | |
| Microstigma Trautv. | ||
| Microthlaspi F.K.Mey. (prev. under Thlaspi L.) | ||
| Morettia DC. | ||
| Moricandia DC. | ||
| Morisia J.Gay | ||
| Mostacillastrum O.E.Schulz | Phlebiophragmus O.E. Schulz | |
| Mummenhoffia Esmailbegi & Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Thlaspi L.) | ||
| Murbeckiella Rothm. | Oreophyton O.E. Schulz | |
| Muricaria Desv. | ||
| Mutarda Bernh. (prev. under Sinapis L., Brassica L.) | ||
| Myagrum L. | ||
| Nasturtiicarpa Gilli | Calymmatium O. E. Schulz | |
| Nasturtiopsis Boiss. | ||
| Nasturtium Adans. | ||
| Neotorularia Hedge & J.Léonard (prev. under Sisymbrium L.) | Torularia (Coss.) O.E.Schulz | |
| Neslia Desv. | ||
| Neuontobotrys O.E.Schulz | ||
| Neurotropis (DC.) F.K.Mey. (prev. under Thlaspi L.) | ||
| Noccaea Moench (prev. under Thlaspi L., Aethionema W.T.Aiton, Cochlearia L., Brossardia Boiss.) | Coluteocarpus Boiss. | |
| Noccidium F.K.Mey. (prev. under Thlaspi L.) | ||
| Notoceras W.T.Aiton | ||
| Notothlaspi Hook.f. | ||
| Ochthodium DC. | Sisymbrium L. | |
| Octoceras Bunge | ||
| Odontarrhena C.A.Mey. (prev. under Alyssum L.) | ||
| Olimarabidopsis Al-Shehbaz, O’Kane & R.A.Price (prev. under Arabidopsis Heynh.) | ||
| Onuris Phil. | ||
| Oreophyton O.E.Schulz | Murbeckiella Rothm. | |
| Ornithocarpa Rose | ||
| Orychophragmus Bunge | ||
| Otocarpus Durieu | ||
| Pachycladon Hook.f. | Cheesemania O.E.Schulz | |
| Pachymitus O.E.Schulz | ||
| Pachyneurum Bunge (prev. under Parrya R.Br.) | ||
| Pachyphragma Rchb. | ||
| Pachypterygium Bunge | Clypeola L. | |
| Parlatoria Boiss. | Taphrospermum C.A.Mey. | |
| Parodiodoxa O.E.Schulz | ||
| Parolinia Webb | ||
| Parrya R.Br. | ||
| Paysonia O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Lesquerella S.Watson, Alyssum L.) | ||
| Pegaeophyton Hayek & Hand.-Mazz. | Pycnoplinthopsis Jafri | |
| Peltaria Jacq. | ||
| Peltariopsis N.Busch | ||
| Pennellia Nieuwl. (prev. under Lamprophragma O.E.Schulz, Thelypodium Endl., Heterothrix (B.L.Rob.) Rydb.) | ||
| Petiniotia J.Léonard (prev. under Sterigmostemum M.Bieb.) | ||
| Petrocallis W.T.Aiton | ||
| Phlebiophragmus O.E. Schulz | Mostacillastrum O.E. Schulz | |
| Phlegmatospermum O.E.Schulz | ||
| Phoenicaulis Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray | ||
| Phravenia Al-Shehbaz & Warwick (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Phyllolepidum Trinajstić (prev. under Aurinia (L.) Desv.) | ||
| Physaria (Nutt.) A.Gray | Lesquerella S.Watson | |
| Physocardamum Hedge | Bornmuellera Haussknecht | |
| Physoptychis Boiss. | ||
| Physorhynchus Hook. | ||
| Plagioloba (C.A.Mey.) Rchb. (prev. under Malcolmia W.T.Aiton, Conringia Heist. ex Fabr.) | ||
| Planodes Greene | ||
| Polypsecadium O.E.Schulz | ||
| Pringlea W.Anderson ex Hook.f. | ||
| Pritzelago Kuntze | Hornungia Rchb. | |
| Pseuderucaria O.E.Schulz | ||
| Pseudocamelina (Boiss.) N.Busch | ||
| Pseudodraba Al-Shehbaz, D.A.German & M.Koch (prev. under Draba L.) | ||
| Pseudofortuynia Hedge | Sisymbrium L. | |
| Pseudosempervivum (Boiss.) Grossh. (prev. under Cochlearia L.) | ||
| Pseudoturritis Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Psychine Desf. | ||
| Pterygostemon V.V.Botschantz. (prev. under Farsetia Turra) | ||
| Ptilotrichum C.A.Mey. | Alyssum L. | |
| Pugionium Gaertn. | ||
| Pycnoplinthopsis Jafri | Pegaeophyton Hayek & Hand.-Mazz. | |
| Pycnoplinthus O.E.Schulz (prev. under Braya Sternb. & Hoppe) | ||
| Pyramidium Boiss. | Veselskya Opiz | |
| Raffenaldia Godr. (prev. under Cossonia Durieu) | ||
| Raphanus L. | ||
| Rapistrum Crantz | ||
| Reboudia Coss. & Durieu ex Cosson | Erucaria Gaertn. | |
| Redowskia Cham. & Schltdl. | Smelowskia C.A.Mey. | |
| Resetnikia Španiel, Al-Shehbaz, D.A.German & Marhold (prev. under Fibigia Medik.) | ||
| Rhammatophyllum O.E.Schulz | ||
| Rhizobotrya Tausch | ||
| Ricotia L. | ||
| Robeschia Hochst. ex E.Fourn. | ||
| Romanschulzia O.E.Schulz | ||
| Roripella (Maire) Greuter & Burdet | Rorippa Scop. | |
| Rorippa Scop. | Kardanoglyphos Schltdl., Roripella (Maire) Greuter & Burdet | |
| Rudolf-kamelinia Al-Shehbaz & D.A.German | ||
| Rytidocarpus Cors. | ||
| Sameraria Desv. | Isatis L. | |
| Sandbergia Greene (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Savignya DC. | ||
| Scapiarabis M.Koch, R.Karl, D.A.German & Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Schimpera Steud. & Hochst. ex Endl. | ||
| Schizopetalon Sims | ||
| Schlechteria Bolus | Heliophila Burm.f. | |
| Schouwia DC. | ||
| Schrenkiella D.A.German & Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Thellungiella O.E.Schulz) | ||
| Selenia Nutt. | ||
| Sibara Greene (prev. under Sisymbrium L.) | ||
| Sinapidendron Lowe | ||
| Sinapis L. | ||
| Sisymbrella Spach | ||
| Sisymbriopsis Botsch. & Tzvelev (prev. under Sisymbrium L.) | ||
| Sisymbrium L. | Lycocarpus O.E. Schulz, Microsisymbrium O.E. Schulz, Ochthodium DC., Pseudofortuynia Hedge | |
| Smelowskia C.A.Mey. | Hedinia Ostenf., Redowskia Cham. & Schltdl., Sophiopsis O.E.Schulz | |
| Sobolewskia M.Bieb. | ||
| Solms-laubachia Muschl. (prev. under Parrya R.Br., Christolea Cambess., Phaeonychium O.E.Schulz, Ermania Cham.) | ||
| Sophiopsis O.E.Schulz | Smelowskia C.A.Mey. | |
| Sphaerocardamum S.Schauer (prev. under Capsella Medik.) | ||
| Spirorhynchus Kar. & Kir. | Goldbachia DC. | |
| Spryginia Popov | ||
| Stanleya Nutt. | ||
| Stenodraba O. E. Schulz (prev. under Draba L., Pennellia Nieuwl.) | ||
| Stenodrabopsis Al-Shehbaz, Salariato, A.Cano & Zuloaga (prev. under Stenodraba O.E.Schulz) | ||
| Stenopetalum R.Br. ex DC. | ||
| Sterigmostemum M.Bieb. | Anchonium DC, Zerdana Boiss. | |
| Stevenia Adams & Fisch. | ||
| Straussiella Hausskn. | Clastopus Boissier | |
| Streptanthus Nutt. | Caulanthus S.Watson | |
| Streptoloma Bunge | ||
| Strigosella Boiss. (prev. under Malcolmia W.T.Aiton) | ||
| Stroganowia Kar. & Kir. | Lepidium L. | |
| Stubendorffia Schrenk ex Fisch. | Lepidium L. | |
| Subularia Ray ex L. | ||
| Succowia Medik. | ||
| Synthlipsis A.Gray | ||
| Syrenia Andrz. ex Besser | Erysimum L. | |
| Taphrospermum C.A.Mey. | Parlatoria Boiss. | |
| Tauscheria Fisch. | Isatis L. | |
| Tchihatchewia Boiss. | Hesperis L. | |
| Teesdalia W.T.Aiton | Teesdaliopsis (Willk.) Bothm. | |
| Teesdaliopsis (Willk.) Bothm. | Teesdalia W.T. Aiton | |
| Tetracme Bunge | Tetracmidion Korshinsky | |
| Tetracmidion Korshinsky | Tetracme Bunge | |
| Texiera Jaub. & Spach | Glastaria Boiss. | |
| Thellungiella O.E. Schulz | Eutrema R. Brown | |
| Thelypodiopsis Rydb. | ||
| Thelypodium Endl. | ||
| Thlaspeocarpa C.A.Sm. | Heliophila Burm.f. | |
| Thlaspi L. | ||
| Thlaspiceras F.K.Mey. (prev. under Thlaspi L.) | ||
| Thysanocarpus Hook. | ||
| Tomostima Raf. (prev. under Draba L.) | ||
| Torularia (Coss.) O.E.Schulz | Neotorularia Hedge & J. Léonard | |
| Trachystoma O.E.Schulz | Ceratocnemum Coss. & Balansa | |
| Trichochiton Kom. | Cryptospora Kar. & Kir. | |
| Tropidocarpum Hook. | ||
| Turritis L. (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Urbanodoxa Muschl. | Cremolobus DC. | |
| Vania F.K.Mey. (prev. under Noccaea Moench) | ||
| Vella L. | Boleum Desv. | |
| Veselskya Opiz | Pyramidium Boiss. | |
| Warea Nutt. | ||
| Weberbauera Gilg & Muschl. (prev. under Sisymbrium L.) | ||
| Winklera Regel | Lepidium L. | |
| Yinshania Ma & Y.Z.Zhao | ||
| Yosemitea P.J.Alexander & Windham (prev. under Arabis L.) | ||
| Yunkia Salariato & Al-Shehbaz (prev. under Cremolobus DC.) | ||
| Zerdana Boiss. | Sterigmostemum M.Bieb. | |
| Zilla Forssk. |
References
- Koch, M. A., German, D. A., Kiefer, M., Franzke, A. (2018). Database taxonomics as key to modern plant biology. Trends in Plant Science. 23(1): 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2017.10.005
- Koch, M. A., Kiefer, M., German, D. A., Al-Shehbaz, I. A., Franzke, A., Mummenhoff, K., Schmickl, R. (2012). BrassiBase: Tools and biological resources to study characters and traits in the Brassicaceae – version 1.1 TAXON 61(5): 1001-1009.
- Kiefer, M., German, D. A., Kiefer, C., Hendriks, K.P., Franzke, A., Schmickl, R., BrassiTEN, Walden, N., Koch, M. A. 2025. Capacity building in crucifer research — from BrassiBase to a taxonomic expert network (BrassiTEN). Plant Systematics and Evolution 311, 30. DOI: 10.1007/s00606-025-01964-z
- Kiefer, M., Schmickl, R., German, D.A., Lysak, M., Al-Shehbaz, I.A., Franzke, A., Mummenhoff, K., Stamatakis, A., Koch, M.A.. (2014). BrassiBase: Introduction to a novel database on Brassicaceae evolution. Plant & Cell Physiology, 55(1): e3. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pct158
Foto: Lunaria Tourn. ex L. © Luo Chen
Caricaceae
This list of genera was made in June 2026 according to World Flora Online, Plants of the World Online, and Stevens 2001 onwards (APWeb). This list includes only genera present in our herbaria: M and MSB.
| All genera (accepted genera in bold) |
|---|
| Carica L. |
| Cylicomorpha Urb. |
| Horovitzia V.M.Badillo |
| Jacaratia A.DC. |
| Jarilla Rusby |
| Vasconcellea A.St.-Hil. |
References
- Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since].
Foto: Carica L. © Suvrat Kotagal
Akaniaceae
This list of genera was made in June 2026 according to World Flora Online, Plants of the World Online, and Stevens 2001 onwards (APWeb). This list includes only genera present in our herbaria: M and MSB.
| All genera (accepted genera in bold) |
|---|
| Akania Hook.f. |
| Bretschneidera Hemsl. |
References
- Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since].
Foto: Bretschneidera Hemsl. © Jun-Yan Xu